The table below compares several known COVID-19 vaccines. It contains information retrieved from multiple sources*, on vaccines' origin, efficacy, price per dose, storage/transport requirements, shelf life, notes, etc. The editors do not endorse, nor recommend any vaccine over another.

Access the full spreadsheet on Google Docs here.
Send new available data or other suggestions here.

The main types of COVID-19 vaccines are:

1. mRNA vaccines: They teach the human body how to make a protein that would consequently produce an immune response. Here is an explanation video of how it works.

2. Adenovirus vector-based vaccines: Adenoviruses are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses. It delivers the genetic instructions for SARS-CoV-2 antigens directly into patients’ cells, thus triggering a robust immune response.

3. Inactivated vaccines: Inactivated vaccines are composed of dead or inactivated viruses and bacteria that differ from live vaccines. They can be administered when antibodies are present in the blood.

4. Protein vaccines: They are composed of purified or recombinant proteinaceous antigens from a pathogen, such as a virus. When administered, a protective immune response occurs against the pathogen.

5. Live attenuated vaccines: They use a weakened form of the germ that causes a disease. Since they are similar to the original virus, they create a very strong and fast immune response.

6. Plant based vaccines: They are a kind of recombinant vaccines that introduce antigens against particular pathogens into a plant.

7. Peptide-based vaccines: They imply the identification of different epitopes on human cells and virus capsid and the design of peptide/peptidomimetics able to counteract the primary host-pathogen interaction to induce a specific host immune response.

Methodology

The editors gathered the data on this page from multiple sources - including the developers’ or sponsors’ official pages, articles from renowned news agencies, national press pages from different countries, and Wikipedia pages of the corresponding vaccines.

The research department verified the accuracy of the data by cross-checking across these several sources. Data on this page are thus information available in more than one source.

* Sources

• The Facts About Pfizer and BioNTech’s COVID-19 Vaccine. Pfizer. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Chinese Covid-19 Vaccine Efficacy Better than Expected Interview with Mr. Liu Jingzhen, Chairman of Sinopharm. Sinopharm. Retrieved 12 Feb 2021.

• Disease COVID-19. Biotech. Retrieved 13 Feb 2021.

• Johnson & Johnson Announces Single-Shot Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate Met Primary Endpoints in Interim Analysis of its Phase 3 Ensemble Trial. Johnson & Johnson. Retrieved 23 Feb 2021.

• COVID-19 Update: Your Latest Questions About Johnson & Johnson's Investigational Vaccine Candidate Answered. Johnson & Johnson. Retrieved 23 Feb 2021.

• Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine Demonstrates 89.3% Efficacy in UK Phase 3 Trial. Novavax Inc. Retrieved 10 Feb 2021.

• Sinovac Receives Conditional Marketing Authorization in China for its COVID-19 Vaccine-SINOVAC - Supply Vaccines to Eliminate Human Diseases. Sinovac Bio . Retrieved 14 Feb 2021.

• COVAXIN- India's First Indigenous COVID-19 Vaccine. Bharat Biotech. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Sputnik V. SputnikVaccine. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Precision Vaccinations. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. The Lancet. Retrieved 11 Feb 2021.

• UPDATED Comparing COVID-19 Vaccines: Timelines, Types and Prices. BioSpace. Retrieved 10 Feb 2021.

• Here’s the latest on COVID-19 vaccines. National Geographic. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Covid vaccine development: The shots available and the doses administered. Financial Times. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Here’s How Much COVID-19 Vaccines Will Cost From The 5 Frontrunners. The Observer. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• COVID-19 Vaccine Prices Revealed From Pfizer, Moderna, and AstraZeneca. The Observer. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• COVID-19 vaccine tracker. Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• What's the difference between all the Covid vaccines?. The Guardian. Retrieved 10 Feb 2021.

• Covid: What is the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine?. BBC News. Retrieved 11 Feb 2021.

• Covaxin and Covishield: What we know about India's Covid vaccines. BBC News. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Hungary pays $36 per dose for Chinese vaccine. New York Times. Retrieved 17 March 2021.

• Pakistan approves Russia’s Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use. Arab News. Retrieved 11 Feb 2021.

• Revealed: Prices of some leading COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Gulf News. Retrieved 11 Feb 2021.

• In just 150 words, China’s Sinopharm claims its vaccine is safe and effective. Quartz. Retrieved 11 Feb 2021.

• Covishield vs Covaxin: A comparison of Covid-19 vaccines approved in India. India Today. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Ad5-nCoV. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Novavax COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Novavax COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Ad26.COV2.S. Jannsen vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• CoronaVac. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• BBV152. Covaxin vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• EpiVacCorona.Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• BBIBP-CorV. Sinopharm vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Covishield. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• CoviVac. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• COVID-19 Vaccine. Wikipedia. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• Vaccines. Covidreference. Retrieved 10 Feb 2021.

SOURCES FOR VACCINES AVAILABLE IN EUROPE

COVID-19 Daily Status. Georgia limits AstraZeneca shots after nurse dies of anaphylactic shock: TASS.Armenia Gets First Batch Of AstraZeneca Vaccines Under COVAX Scheme. 2 milionë e 640 mijë doza të siguruara deri tani/ Së shpejti vaksinimi intensiv. COVID-19 Information for Azerbaijan. Bosnian Leaders Slammed for Vaccine Scarcity as Pandemic Worsens. Covid Vaccinations Belgium. With First Dibs on Vaccines, Rich Countries Have ‘Cleared the Shelves’. Phase 3 Vaccination Plan in Croatia: The Doses and Details. COVID-19 / Coronavirus. National vaccination plan for COVID 19. EU sends 1,080 doses of COVID-19 vaccine to N. Cyprus. Information about available vaccines. Vaccination against COVID-19. Denmark extends AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine suspension for three weeks. Covid-19: How Denmark plans to finish vaccinating by June 27th. COVID-19 vaccines. Suomen COVID-19 rokotestrategia. CVnCoV. EU and WHO Regional Office for Europe join forces to ensure deployment of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination in six European countries, their largest collaboration in the European Region to date. Georgian COVID immunization drive stumbles out of the gate. Heroes to zeros: how German perfectionism wrecked its Covid vaccine drive. EU countries to receive Johnson & Johnson vaccines from mid-April. COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca: PRAC preliminary view suggests no specific issue with batch used in Austria. An overview of vaccine contracts for Iceland. Kazakhstan: Vaccination campaign proceeds at snail’s pace. Health-Care Workers From Kosovo Receive COVID-19 Vaccines In Albania. Covid-19 vaccine. Covid-19 vaccination in Latvia continues. Vaccination rates exceed last week’s. COVID-19 in Lithuania. Comparing COVID-19 Vaccines. Montenegro receives 30,000 doses of China's COVID-19 vaccine. Dutch vaccination programme against COVID-19. North Macedonia received the first batch of COVID-19 vaccine via COVAX Facility. COVID-19: EU helps to deliver vaccines to Moldova and medical items to Montenegro and North Macedonia. North Macedonia begins COVID-19 vaccination. N. Macedonia receives 20,000 Sputnik V coronavirus vaccines from Serbia. Coronavirus vaccine - information for the public. Norway presents revised Covid-19 vaccination plan. Poland’s government promises speedier vaccines in bid to head off political backlash. COVID-19: Gov’t announces March vaccination schedule. Portugal approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine for over-65s. Covid-19: What do we know about Sputnik V and other Russian vaccines?. Serbia receives further 500,000 doses of China's COVID-19 vaccine. When will I get my COVID vaccine? FAQs about vaccination in Slovakia. Vaccination drive in Spain: how is each region progressing after the AstraZeneca suspension?. Turkey ranks 6th globally in COVID-19 vaccination numbers. COVID-19 vaccination in Ukraine. Ukraine fails vaccine test. Ukraine approves China's Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine. About vaccination against COVID-19 in Ukraine. Ukraine's army says a servicewoman died after CoviShield vaccination.

EuCham Research Department

• Lou Manalo, Project Manager

• Alice Miaux, Researcher

• Ifigeniya Stoilova, Researcher

• Gema Gabaldón, Researcher

DISCLAIMER

The information above was gathered from multiple sources and do not represent the views of the editors. The editors are not responsible and cannot verify the accuracy of the information disseminated by the vaccines’ developers and the press. The primary purpose of this vaccine list is to provide the general public an approximate overview of some known COVID-19 vaccines. It does not constitute any medical advice, nor is meant to endorse any of the listed vaccines in any way.